CONJUNCTIONS

   

Conjunction: Conjunctions are words that link single word phrases and clauses. Words like and, but, for, nor, so, or, are, yet are used to connect two words or two groups of words (two clauses or sentences).

 

Conjunctions are classified into three types; they are

Ø  Coordinating conjunctions

Ø  Correlative conjunctions

Ø  Subordinating conjunctions

 

Ø  Coordinating conjunctions: Coordinating conjunctions connect grammatically equal elements.

For example, and, but, or, and, neither, nor, so, yet, else……….

E.g.

1. He went to the mall and his wife went to the cinema.

2. You have to attempt all the questions or you will be disqualified.

3. He was ill but he attended the party.

4. Come soon else we will be late for the movie.

5. Murali is quite rich, yet he is unhappy.

6. He is neither intelligent nor hard working.

 

Ø  Subordinating conjunctions: These are also called Subordinators and establish the relationship between the subordinate clause and rest of the sentence. Subordinating conjunctions connect clauses that are not equal.

For example, as, when, since, that, if, though, unless, until, before, because, although, after, while……………

E.g.

1. John says that he knows Mary’s house.

2. When I went to his house, he was still eating.

3. The spectators were furious as the team lost the match.

4. Though Meera sings well, she cannot perform well before a large audience.

5. If it rains, the match will be cancelled.

6. Unless you work hard, you cannot reach the goal.

7. Since she was unwell, she stayed at home.

 

Ø  Correlative conjunctions: Correlative conjunctions are used in pairs.

For example, either...or, neither... nor, both...and, not only...but also, whether...or, no sooner….than, hardly….when, such….that, rather….than, as though, as well as, as if, as….as etc…

E.g.

1. Either Rhea or Sara will give the speech.

2. Both Neela and Sujana made the team.

3. He brought not only his mother, but also his father.

4. He talks as though he knows everything.

5. Beth as well as Elle was invited to the party.

(In the above sentence, the phrase as well as Elle is merely parenthetical; the true subject is Beth and the verb should be was.)

6. He looks as if he had been crying.

7. She took off as soon as she got here.

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